1. Solar LED Street Lights
Solar Street Lights are raised light sources which are powered by photo voltaic panels generally mounted on the lighting structure or integrated in the pole itself.
The photovoltaic panels charge a rechargeable battery, which powers a fluorescent or LED lamp during the night.
Most solar panels turn on and turn off automatically by sensing outdoor light using a light source.Solar streetlights are designed to work throughout the night. Many can stay lit for more than one night if the sun is not available for a couple of days.
Each street light can have its own photo voltaic panel, independent of other street lights. Alternately, a number of panels can be installed as a central power source on a separate location and supply power to a number of street lights.
Components Used
Solar Panel:
The solar panel is one of the most important parts of solar street lights, as the solar panel will convert solar energy into electricity. There are 2 types of solar panel: mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline. Conversion rate of mono-crystalline solar panel is much higher than poly-crystalline.Solar panel are varies from wattage systems.
Lighting Fixture:
LED is usually used as lighting source of modern solar street light, as the LED will provide much higher Lumens with lower energy consumption. The energy consumption of LED fixture is at least 50% lower than HPS fixture which is widely used as lighting source in Traditional street lights. LEDs lack of warm up time also allows for use of motion detectors for additional efficiency gains.
Rechargeable Battery:
Battery will store the electricity from solar panel during the day and provide energy to the fixture during night. The life cycle of the battery is very important to the lifetime of the light and the capacity of the battery will affect the backup days of the lights. There are usually 2 types of batteries: Gel Cell Deep Cycle Battery and Lead Acid Battery and many more.
Pole:
Strong Poles are necessary to all street lights, especially to solar street lights as there are often components mounted on the top of the pole: fixtures, panels and sometimes batteries. However, in some newer designs, the PV panels and all electronics are integrated in the pole itself. Wind resistance is also a factor.
Also there are some accessories, like foundation cage and battery box.
2. Integrated Solar Street Lights
We have two variants of Theft Proof Integrated Solar Street Lights (All In One Solar Street Lights). One is a completely integrated solar street lights and the other one is semi integrated solar street light. The Completely Integrated Solar Street Light (CISSL) comes with the batteries embedded inside the aluminum casing and the panels placed on the upper side of the aluminum casing as we can see in the picture. We again have two variants of batteries in this. It comes with a lithium Ion battery or Lithium Ferro Phosphate (LifePO4) batteries. This CISSL comes with inbuilt charge controller and a motion sensor that turn on & turn off the light automatically by sensing outdoor light. We also have a motion sensor integrated in these lights which helps in increasing the working time of the light.
If no human movement is detected for some time the light automatically dims down and runs on 50% power thus increasing the working time and as soon it detects any human movement it automatically switches to full power. The Semi Integrated Solar Street Light (SISSL) come with the batteries embedded inside the light housing but here in this case the panels are separately mounted on the pole and not placed on the housing. The batteries used in SISSL is Lithium Ion battery which is theft proof as it cannot be removed. The components used are Solar Street Lights Solar Panels, Lithium Ion Batteries, MS or GI Pole, Clamps, etc.
3. Solar Lanterns
A solar lamp also known as solar light or solar lantern, is a lighting system composed of an LED lamp, solar panel, battery, and charge controller. The lamp operates on electricity from batteries, charged through the use of solar photovoltaic panel. Solar-powered house hold lighting can replace other light sources like candles or kerosene lamps. Solar lamps have a lower operating cost than kerosene lamps because renewable energy from the sun is free, unlike fuel. In addition, solar lamps produce no indoor air pollution unlike kerosene lamps. Solar lamps for use in rural areas often have the capability of providing a supply of electricity for other devices, such as for charging cell phones. In rural India, solar lamps, commonly called solar lanterns, using either LEDs or CFLs, are being used to replace kerosene lamps. Especially in areas where electricity is otherwise difficult to access, solar lamps are very useful and it will also improve life in rural areas. These are also very commonly used in Children Trusts as study solar table lamps for studying purpose.
